Washington DC: Center for world meeting on nuclear security

by Martin Castellani


On Monday the fourteen, United States of America, recieved the visit of fortyseven world leaders (Presidents present: South Korean President Lee Myung-bak, French President Nicolas Sarkozy, Georgian President Mikhail Saakashvili, Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, Finnish President Tarja Halonen, Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev, President Barack Obama, Jordanian King Abdullah II, Philippines President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, Chinese President Hu Jintao, Mexican President Felipe Calderon, Argentine President Cristina Fernandez, Armenian President Serge Sarkisian, Norwegian Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Nigeria acting President Goodluck Jonathan, Ukraine President Viktor Yanukovych, South African President Jacob Zuma, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, Swiss President Doris Leuthard, Chil) in order to discuss the nuclear energy security issues. The specific scenario was Washington and the host, Barak Obama, president of the United States.
Many of the members of the Non Nuclear Proliferation Treaty (NNPT) assisted to the Washington meeting, which has been told by many medias was concilied to “avoid nuclear terrorism. And from there to step on the Iran theme. There for, the same voices, said that later on, the plan is to sanction Teheran in order to force them to shut down their uranium production.”(Prensa Latina.cu)
The world meeting that got the attention of the entire world, even of those countries that refused to assist to such an encounter, is still on the run, where liders of the entire world are pronouncing their voices on favour to the pacific use of nuclear energy.
“Brasil spoke in favour of the pacific use of nuclear energy and calls Teheran to give evidence of their peaceful nuclear activities. The only way to defend Iran is if there is absolut evidence that they will use the uranium enrichment just for medical production and energy industries.” said the president of Brasil Lula Da Silva.
As the talks were going on during the week, the president of the United States of America use his moment to release key documents with videos and links.
“This is an historic process” said President Barack Obama.
Later after ended the Friday congress
“The President and the american´s commitment to seek the peace and security of a world free of nuclear weapons. But it is not an inmediatly possible goal to achieve, but the path to achieve it, is still being walked.” (White House Nuclear Security Summit)
The reason to do such a “unprecedented gathering of world Readers” (The Christian Science Monitor) is to prevente terrorist organizations of getting nuclear weapons.
“Our objective is clear: ensure that terrorist never again access to plutonium or higly-enriched uranium- the essentials ingredients of a nuclear weapon. The challenge we face is how to lock down the over 2000 tons of plutonium and higly enriched uranium exist in dozen of countries with a variety of peaceful as well as military uses. The consequences of a nuclear detonation, or even an attempetd detonation, perpetrated by a terrorist or criminal group anywehere in the world would be devastating. Not only could be an enormous loss of life, but there would also be overwhelming economic, political and psychological consequences that would reverberate worldwide.” (said President Barack Obama)
As the Chiefs of State were having the meeting President of Iran spoke.
“We pass the point of return. In a month our plants will be impossible to suffer an attack”
After the declarations the President of Iran said “the uranium swap will only be accepted if it is mutual”. This was in response to a plan of “swapping enriched uranium over to Russia and later on France, to maximized it quality and be returned later, but did not suceded because Iran didn´t trust that the West will return the uranium” (Tehran, ISNA)
While the nations debate on the nuclear security issues, the White House released more official data.
“The United States has accelerated efforts to complete ratification procedures for the two key international treaties governing nuclear security, the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism and the 2005 Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material. Legislation that brings U.S. laws into line with these treaties has been submitted to the Congress. Once laws are in place implementing the conventions, the United States will deposit its instruments of ratification. In 2009, the United States completed conversion of all 20 of our highly-enriched-uranium-fueled reactors that could be converted to use low enriched uranium fuel. There are six remaining highly-enriched-uranium-fueled reactors in the United States that will be converted to use low enriched uranium fuel once acceptable fuel has been developed. The United States and Russia have just signed the Protocol to the Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement, which commits both countries to eliminate 68 metric tons of plutonium (34 each) from their weapons programs—enough material for approximately 17.000 nuclear weapons combined. Furthermore, the United States is in the final stages of approval to bring up to 100 kilograms of plutonium from sites of concern into the United States pending disposition, thereby eliminating vulnerable, weapons-usable plutonium in certain cases where no other solution is available.”
In a document that also speak about the search of new technology and ways to develop and deploy new neutron detection. Which shorten the research and application time from five years to eighteen months.
On the matters of International Cooperation, which was a consider subject for the present media that marked the non-showing of Asian nations as an important and to be spoken deal, the White House expressed that the United States will implement 1.6 billion dollars (a 31% more than last year) in the budget to make a safer nuclear program. At the same time that mark that “ The United States strongly supports the World Institute for Nuclear Security as an effective forum for sharing best security practices, based on its broad membership in 44 countries, representing private industry, police, government agencies, state regulators and national laboratories. We will continue to provide financial support and expertise and encourage other countries to do so as well.”
With the increase of 59% voluntary joinment from the United States of America, the UN stablish the 1540 Resolution that calls for a budget on nuclear security and on assisting on the implementation of the obligations of the 150 nations and plus according to the International Atomic Energy Agency and marks a new goal of providing nuclear security to the countries that do not belong to the G8 (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom, United States)
In some other declarations of the United States President, he refered to the upgrade of security on the subjetct.
“We need to strengthen the institutions and partnerships that we already have and make them even more effective. This includes the United Nations, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the multilateral partnership that strengthens nuclear security, prevent nuclear trafficking and assist nations in building their capacity to secure their nuclear materials.” (President of the United States Barack Obama to the Examiner.com)
While at the same time, Russia (who impulsed the International Convention for the Supresion of Terrorist Acts) called for a stop in the selfishness of the nuclear powers such as Iran and North Corea.
In order to draw a hard line on the conference between the world leaders. United State call to action.
“Make a commitment to implement on a voluntary basis the following principles:
Develop, if necessary, and improve accounting, control and physical protection systems for nuclear and other radioactive materials and substance.
Enhance security of civilian nuclear facilities.
Improve the ability to detect nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances in order to prevent illicit trafficking in such materials and substances, to include cooperation in the research and development of national detection capabilities that would be interoperable.
Improve capabilities of participants to search for, confiscate, and establish safe control over unlawfully held nuclear or other radioactive materials and substances or devices using them. Prevent the provision of safe haven to terrorists and financial or economic resources to terrorists seeking to acquire or use nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances.
Ensure adequate respective national legal and regulatory frameworks sufficient to provide for the implementation of appropriate criminal and, if applicable, civil liability for terrorists and those who facilitate acts of nuclear terrorism.
Improve capabilities of participants for response, mitigation, and investigation, in cases of terrorist attacks involving the use of nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances, including the development of technical means to identify nuclear and other radioactive materials and substances that are, or may be, involved in the incident; and
Promote information sharing pertaining to the suppression of acts of nuclear terrorism and their facilitation, taking appropriate measures consistent with their national law and international obligations to protect the confidentiality of any information which they exchange in confidence.”
Without a doubt, United States under the command of Barack Obama, has started to walk to history with the help of the joining nations to create a safer nuclear enviroment.
Chile, Mexico and Ukraine pledge to erradicate their nuclear materials making of the United States of America, Washington convention a Worldwide theme.
Even thought China, Iran and other countries that refused to assist to the Washington convention are meeting in what is call the anti-nonproliferation nuclear program, the Nations that decided to collide with the G8 now count with the support and trust of each one and another.